As with other guest blogs I have hosted, I will tell a little more of my story. I grew up in South Africa and did all my formal education there. South Africans have a reputation for being straight talkers - and I have to admit I am no exception. We are basically taught to say what we think and not to pull any punches. That way you know where you stand and where I am coming from. When I moved to England in the late 1980s, I discovered a very different world. Straight talking was not viewed as a strength and I soon found that there was very little direct talk. There was always a sub text floating around which I was not very clued into - and not very good at grasping so I could act on it. I could have done with Overcoming Fake Talk right then.
In the book John outlines the elements of REAL Conversations as follows:
- Recognising and suspending your thinking and judgment
- Expressing yourself without creating resistance in others
- Asking questions to increase your understanding
- Listening and attending to the signals others are sending
Now for John's blog post - it is all about one of the big challenges in communication
DEALING WITH A CLOSED MIND
Q: My partner is one of the most narrow-minded individuals that I
have ever met. If I try to offer a view that runs counter to his view, I get
major push-back. He just seems to reject anything that is outside his
experience or his way of thinking. How can I help him to listen and consider my
ideas and experience?
A: What
is difficult about this situation is your partner’s unwillingness to look at
situations or issues from a different perspective. We all have mental models or
hold assumptions that determine the way we see and interpret the events within
our experience. Our mental models are important because they impact how we
speak and deal with others. Your partner has the “I need to be right, not
wrong” mental model.
To Be Right, Not Wrong
To some extent, we all want to be right. Being right puts us in a
position of power, where we feel great confidence, prestige, and self-assurance
that we are “the expert” on something. After all, we are often rewarded for
being right when our way of doing things leads to superior results.
Years ago, while teaching a critical thinking class, I had an
interesting experience with an individual who was determined to prove to me
that he was “right” about something. The interaction occurred because I said,
“Even though we all have an interest in ‘being right,’ there are many ways of
looking at reality. We really don’t know as much as we’d like to think we
know.”
My statement caused a stir among the participants. About half an
hour later Jay raised his hand and said, “I know everything about something!”
“You do?” I answered.
“Yeah,” Jay nodded. “I know everything about writing my name.”
“Are you sure?” I asked.
“Absolutely,” Jay said.
“Do you know how to write your name in Greek?”
Jay thought for a minute and admitted, “No, I don’t.”
“Well, call me when you can.” I replied.
Another half hour went by and Jay raised his hand again.
“I’ve got it!” He said.
I asked, “Are you sure?”
With confidence, Jay replied, “Yes. I know everything about
writing my name in English.”
“How many times did you write your name in English last year?”
With a frown, Jay responded, “I don’t know.”
“Well, call me when you know,” I said.
Yet another half hour went by. Being very determined, Jay raised
his hand and offered, “I know everything about writing my name in English
once.”
“Are you sure?”
“Absolutely!”
“Do you know how much ink you use when you write your name in
English once?
Feeling a little deflated, Jay said, “I don’t know.”
Everyone chuckled.
Notice that in order to be “right,” Jay literally narrowed the
scope of what he said he knew, so he could claim to “know everything about
something.” Being right is a wonderful place to be, even if you’re only right
in your own mind! The challenge for all of us is to recognize that everyone has
something to offer because their thinking, their life experience, and their
view of the world is quite simply not our own.
What Can You Do?
There are a number of steps you might follow to help your partner
see the world outside his thinking.
Recognize
Where You Are
You must be aware of when your conversation is going below the
line. The “line” represents the choice people have to resort to some form of
“fight” or “flight” or to move above the line and engage in what we will call
REAL conversation. (Fight and flight are both below the line.)
When your partner starts to become agitated, express negative or
“hot” emotion, or begins to disagree, you know you have to do something
different.
·
Ask
Questions
Stop thinking about what you would really like to say (or how you
would like to tell him off) and turn the spotlight on him. Ask him as many
questions as necessary to thoroughly understand his point of view. Here are
some questions you might consider:
“What
experience leads you to that conclusion?”
“Can
you give me an example?”
“Why
is that so important to consider?”
“Help
me understand how that applies in this situation.”
Ask questions until you feel that you completely understand his
view.
The power in asking questions and listening to his answers comes
from allowing him to express points of view that are important to him. This is
very validating to a person’s ego. When you listen to his answers, it
communicates “I care enough about your thinking and experience to try and
understand.” However, you must be sincere about hearing what he has to offer.
If you patiently and honestly attempt to understand his concerns, you will take
the ego—or his need to “be right”—out of the conversation.
·
Ask
for Assistance
After asking questions and listening to his responses, ask him to
assist by giving consideration to your experience as well. Use an “Attention Check” to begin part of the conversation.
An attention check is a statement of intention followed by a
question that solicits his engagement in the conversation. It would sound like
this:
“I
really appreciate your point of view. I wonder if you would be willing to
listen to my experience as we consider what would be best for us to do. Can we
do that?”
Notice that this attention check affirmed his point of view and
then asked for him to consider your experience.
Don’t worry that he will refuse: because you took the time to ask
him questions and sincerely listened to his responses, you have built
sufficient respect that he will be more willing to hear you out than if you had
tried to push your ideas or opinions first.
·
Be
Pervasive, Not Persuasive
Persuading always seems to feel like pleading, convincing, or
winning someone over. Being pervasive, on the other hand, is about establishing
credibility, exerting appropriate influence, or using facts or data to bolster
your ideas and conclusions. Without supporting data, the act of sharing
opinions can turn into a war of words and wills that diminishes respect and
weakens your relationship. Identify relevant data and use it.
·
Move
to Action
Once you have shared your views or experience, then summarize both
viewpoints to demonstrate your understanding. Once this is done, you are ready
to ask, “What shall we do?” Hopefully, your partner will now be willing to
include and consider the point of view he has just heard you express.
In summary…
The first challenge is to help him get past the need to defend his
perspective and then be willing to think about data or understanding that may
be different from his previous experience. Remember that it is not easy to get outside
of our own thinking because—in a very real way—all we know is based on what we
know. If we would simply ask ourselves, “What do I not know?”
we might be able to start seeing past what we think we know and be more willing to explore other
ideas and perspectives.
Good luck!
About John R. Stoker
John holds a Master's Degree in Organizational Behavior as well as a J.D. Degree. His landmark book, Overcoming Fake Talk, is both entertaining and engaging, and it presents skills that help readers talk about what matters most.
In the past, John worked as a practicing
criminal defense attorney, spent summers as a Grand Canyon white-water guide,
and taught on the university level for 13 years. John has been happily married
since 1994 and he and his wife Stephanie are the proud parents of five children
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